此次筆者參與IMS Learning Impact conference(五月,西班牙) 是數位學習標準與技術的重要盛會,該主辦單位IMS就是全球主要的標準製定與推動單位之ㄧ, IMS全名是Instructional Management Systems Global Learning Consortium(IMS全球學習聯盟公司) 的縮寫。IMS最關注開放性規範(open specifications)的定義與維護工作,它針對產官學界提出的需求而制定規範,以敦促它的成員能在促成資源共享與交換的共識下,來開發學習產品與服務。例如ADL SCORM的content package就是依循IMS的規範。這些規範主要功用為協調、促成有效的線上學習活動。IMS同時也對全球推廣所定規範的應用方法與相符認證服務。
目前IMS最主要的推動方向是Common Cartridge (CC), Common Cartridge是IMS推動的新一代數位學習封裝標準(表ㄧ),與SCORM比較不同的是CC標準除了包含SCORM與試題標準QTI外,更是把LTI(Learning Tools Interoperability)加入,未來封裝的不僅是教材內容,亦可包含試題與學習活動等第三方提供的相關活動之能力。其中的LTI(圖ㄧ)是IMS主推的學習工具交換標準,目前已經進入LTI2.0版的規劃,主要目的為希望未來各學習工具能夠互相交換並包含於教材封裝之中(如CC),此標準亦為CC主要元件之一。
2006/04
The internal project group draft of the Base Document 1.0.
2007/03
The CM/DN Draft of the specification.
2008/07
The Public Draft of the CC v1.0 specification.
2008/10
Public release of Common Cartridge Profile and Authorization Version 1.0 - The first formal version
2009/01
Common Cartridge Version 1.1 Enhancements
2009/1Q
The enhancements being developed for the K12 Common Cartridge provide valuable features that can be used across segments and will be folded into Common Cartridge Version 1.1.
2009/2Q
Adding IMS AccessForAll and IMS Learning Design to Common Cartridge.
Common Cartridge的timeline 資料整理:資策會教研所
現有的Common Cartridge 包含以下的規格
Metadata部分
-ISO 15836:2003: Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (mapped to the corresponding elements in LOM)
目前SCORM2.0社群主要討論需加入SCORM2.0的議題包含以下各項:Web-based learning activities(類似LTI的功能,能應用網路上的學習活動),collaboration(合作學習可能性),Search, metadata, 與 repositories (資源庫), Modern software architecture(如SOA架構),web services, New structured document and open standards(開放架構),Mobile learning(行動學習支援),New content distribution models(content傳播方式與資源庫), Intelligent agents and tutors(智慧型代理人), Immersive learning environments(融入式環境)等,這些議題都是目前數位學習走向2.0時代大家關心的重要議題,SCORM2.0後續的發展值得我們持續觀察。
Publisher:Fan-Sen Wang, Vice President of Academia Sinica Editor-in-Chief:Zong-Kun Li Publishing Department:Taiwan e-Learning and Digital Archives Program, TELDAP Executive Editor:Sub-project: Digital Information - the New and Creative Way of Communicating Mailing Address:The Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica No.130, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nangang District, Taipei City 115, Taiwan TEL: (02) 27829555 ext:310 or 183 FAX: (02) 2786-8834 E-mail:newsletter@teldap.tw
Issue:數位典藏與學習電子報 第八卷第九期 Publish Date:09/15 /2009 First Issue:02/15 /2007(Published on 15th every 2 months)
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